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          GNU binary utilities —— strings
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GNU binary utilities (GNU Binutils) version 2.42: —— strings
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<p><strong>个人笔记，仅供参考！！</strong></p>
<p>strings [-afovV] [-min-len] [-n min-len] [–bytes&#x3D;min-len] [-t radix] [–radix&#x3D;radix] [-e encoding] [–encoding&#x3D;encoding] [-U method] [–unicode&#x3D;method] [-] [–all] [–print-file-name] [-T bfdname] [–target&#x3D;bfdname] [-w] [–include-all-whitespace] [-s] [–output-separator sep_string] [–help] [–version] file…</p>
<p>对于给定的每个文件，GNU strings 会打印至少包含4个字符的可打印字符序列（或者根据下面的选项指定的字符数）且后面跟有一个不可打印字符。</p>
<p>根据strings程序的配置，它默认要么显示每个文件中能找到的所有可打印序列，要么仅显示可加载的已初始化数据段中的序列。如果文件类型无法识别，或者strings从标准输入读取，它将始终显示能找到的所有可打印序列。</p>
<p>为了向后兼容，任何仅有一个 - 命令行选项之后的文件也将被完整扫描，无论是否存在任何 -d 选项。</p>
<p>strings 主要用于确定非文本文件的内容。</p>
<p>选项：</p>
<h4 id="a-x2F-–all-x2F"><a href="#a-x2F-–all-x2F" class="headerlink" title="-a &#x2F; –all &#x2F; -"></a>-a &#x2F; –all &#x2F; -</h4><p>扫描整个文件，无论其包含哪些段，或这些段是否已加载或初始化。通常这是默认行为，但strings可以配置为 -d 为默认行为。</p>
<h4 id="d-x2F-–data"><a href="#d-x2F-–data" class="headerlink" title="-d &#x2F; –data"></a>-d &#x2F; –data</h4><p>只打印文件中已初始化的加载数据段中的字符串。这可能减少输出中的垃圾，但也可能暴露strings程序使用的BFD库中的任何安全漏洞。strings可以配置为此选项为默认行为，在这种情况下，可以使用 -a 选项来避免使用BFD库，只打印文件中的所有字符串。</p>
<h4 id="f-x2F-–print-file-name"><a href="#f-x2F-–print-file-name" class="headerlink" title="-f &#x2F; –print-file-name"></a>-f &#x2F; –print-file-name</h4><p>在每个字符串前打印文件名。</p>
<h4 id="–help"><a href="#–help" class="headerlink" title="–help"></a>–help</h4><p>打印程序使用的摘要到标准输出并退出。</p>
<h4 id="min-len-x2F-n-min-len-x2F-–bytes-x3D-min-len"><a href="#min-len-x2F-n-min-len-x2F-–bytes-x3D-min-len" class="headerlink" title="-min-len &#x2F; -n min-len &#x2F; –bytes&#x3D;min-len"></a>-<em>min-len</em> &#x2F; -n <em>min-len</em> &#x2F; –bytes&#x3D;<em>min-len</em></h4><p>打印至少包含<em>min-len</em>个字符的可显示字符序列。如果未指定，默认最小长度为4。可显示和不可显示字符的区别取决于-e和-U选项的设置。序列总是以控制字符（如换行和回车）为终止符，但不包括制表符。</p>
<h4 id="o"><a href="#o" class="headerlink" title="-o"></a>-o</h4><p>类似于 <code>-t o</code>。一些其它版本的strings将 -o 作用于 <code>-t d</code>。</p>
<h4 id="t-radix-x2F-–radix-x3D-radix"><a href="#t-radix-x2F-–radix-x3D-radix" class="headerlink" title="-t radix &#x2F; –radix&#x3D;radix"></a>-t radix &#x2F; –radix&#x3D;radix</h4><p>在每个字符串前打印文件中的偏移量。单个字符参数指定偏移量的基数——‘o’ 表示八进制，‘x’ 表示十六进制，‘d’ 表示十进制。</p>
<h4 id="e-encoding-x2F-–encoding-x3D-encoding"><a href="#e-encoding-x2F-–encoding-x3D-encoding" class="headerlink" title="-e encoding &#x2F; –encoding&#x3D;encoding"></a>-e <em>encoding</em> &#x2F; –encoding&#x3D;<em>encoding</em></h4><p>选择要查找的字符串的字符编码。<em>encoding</em> 的可能值包括：‘s’ &#x3D; 单字节7位字符（默认），‘S’ &#x3D; 单字节8位字符，‘b’ &#x3D; 16位大端序，‘l’ &#x3D; 16位小端序，‘B’ &#x3D; 32位大端序，‘L’ &#x3D; 32位小端序。对于查找宽字符字符串非常有用。（‘l’和‘b’适用于例如Unicode UTF-16&#x2F;UCS-2编码）。</p>
<h4 id="U-d-i-l-e-x-h-x2F-–unicode-x3D-default-invalid-locale-escape-hex-highlight"><a href="#U-d-i-l-e-x-h-x2F-–unicode-x3D-default-invalid-locale-escape-hex-highlight" class="headerlink" title="-U [d|i|l|e|x|h] &#x2F; –unicode&#x3D;[default|invalid|locale|escape|hex|highlight]"></a>-U [d|i|l|e|x|h] &#x2F; –unicode&#x3D;[default|invalid|locale|escape|hex|highlight]</h4><p>控制strings中 UTF-8 编码多字节字符的显示。默认（–unicode&#x3D;default）是不作特殊处理，而依赖于–encoding选项的设置。其他选项值自动启用–encoding&#x3D;S。<br>–unicode&#x3D;invalid 选项将它们视为非图形字符，因此不属于有效字符串。其余选项将它们视为有效字符串字符。<br>–unicode&#x3D;locale 选项在当前语言环境中显示它们，这可能支持也可能不支持UTF-8编码。–unicode&#x3D;hex 选项将它们显示为括在&lt;&gt;字符之间的十六进制字节序列。–unicode&#x3D;escape 选项将它们显示为转义序列（\uxxxx），–unicode&#x3D;highlight 选项将它们显示为红色高亮的转义序列（如果输出设备支持）。着色旨在引起注意，以便在不期望存在unicode序列的地方发现它们。</p>
<h4 id="T-bfdname-x2F-–target-x3D-bfdname"><a href="#T-bfdname-x2F-–target-x3D-bfdname" class="headerlink" title="-T bfdname &#x2F; –target&#x3D;bfdname"></a>-T bfdname &#x2F; –target&#x3D;bfdname</h4><p>指定一种不同于系统默认格式的目标代码格式。详见 Target Selection。</p>
<h4 id="v-x2F-V-x2F-–version"><a href="#v-x2F-V-x2F-–version" class="headerlink" title="-v &#x2F; -V &#x2F; –version"></a>-v &#x2F; -V &#x2F; –version</h4><p>打印程序版本号到标准输出并退出。</p>
<h4 id="w-x2F-–include-all-whitespace"><a href="#w-x2F-–include-all-whitespace" class="headerlink" title="-w &#x2F; –include-all-whitespace"></a>-w &#x2F; –include-all-whitespace</h4><p>默认情况下，制表符和空格字符包含在显示的字符串中，但其他空白字符（如换行和回车）不包括在内。-w 选项将其更改为所有空白字符都视为字符串的一部分。</p>
<h4 id="s-x2F-–output-separator"><a href="#s-x2F-–output-separator" class="headerlink" title="-s &#x2F; –output-separator"></a>-s &#x2F; –output-separator</h4><p>默认情况下，输出字符串由换行符分隔。此选项允许你提供任意字符串作为输出记录分隔符。对于–include-all-whitespace非常有用，字符串内部可能包含换行符。</p>
<h4 id="参考连接："><a href="#参考连接：" class="headerlink" title="参考连接："></a>参考连接：</h4><p>【1】<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://sourceware.org/binutils/docs-2.42/binutils/strings.html">https://sourceware.org/binutils/docs-2.42/binutils/strings.html</a></p>

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